Spain: national identity in Catalonia 2023

Most residents of Catalonia considered themselves equally Catalan and Spanish.

Languages, secessionism and party competition in Catalonia: A case of de-ethnicising outbidding? - Marc Sanjaume-Calvet, Elvira Riera-Gil, 2022

What Happened to Catalonia's Independence Movement?

Does Spanish nationalism exist?

Genealogy, Free Full-Text

Vast crowds demand Catalan independence from Spain

39,137 Barcelona Football Royalty-Free Images, Stock Photos & Pictures

Genealogy, Free Full-Text

Unveiling pathways for the fissure among secessionists and unionists in Catalonia: identities, family language, and media influence

Catalan separatists counted on support from the E.U. But they got the cold shoulder. - The Washington Post

Spain's Catalonia celebrates national day amid negotiations – DW – 09/11/ 2023

Where is Catalonia and what to visit here? (2023)